Darwinism claims that evolution occurs by selection from an extensive random variability. An alternative viewpoint-that the material for variability is limited and organisms are predisposed to vary in certain directions-is the essence of evolutionary concepts that can be grouped together under the name of orthogenesis. Dating back to Lamarck, orthogenesis has existed in many guises. Branded as mystical and discarded as unscientific, it keeps re-emerging in evolutionary discussions.