The 28 full papers included in this book were carefully reviewed and selected from 28 submissions. They were organized in topical sections as follows: Neuroimaging and Neurovascular Analysis; Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Imaging; Computational Pathology and Cancer Imaging; Machine Learning - Fairness and Multimodal Learning; Machine Learning - Representation Learning and Foundation Models; Image Reconstruction, Segmentation, and Radiotherapy; and Surgical and Clinical Video Analysis.