The fundamentals of ecological and environmental economics, the concept of sustainable development, and the economics of environmental sustainability are then explained. The book draws on several analytical techniques, including game theory, optimization, and decision-making under uncertainty, to examine key issues:

• how are international environmental laws implemented in the absence of apex law-enforcement mechanisms?


• has a mechanism of law enforcement emerged?


• is there a concern for compliance and non-compliance at the state and international levels?


• what improvements are desirable and feasible in global environmental governance?