This book begins with a detailed discussion of the methods of mass production for hierarchical micro/nanostructured powders. It then proceeds to address structurally enhanced adsorption and photocatalytic performances, describe strategies for the fabrication of hierarchical micro/nanostructured object arrays and their devices, and examine the surface wettability, optical properties, surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) effects, and gas-sensing performances of the micro/nanostructured arrays. In its cutting-edge coverage, the text explores the use of hierarchical micro/nanostructured materials in environmental remediation and detection devices, commenting on future trends and applications.