This book presents the advances in the use of polymeric nanomaterials for medical imaging, diagnosis, theranostics, and drug delivery. Beginning with the combinatorial approach for polymer design, it discusses star-shaped amphiphilic polymers, self-assembling polymer-drug conjugates, amphiphilic dendrimers, dendrimer nanohybrids, sustainable green polymeric nanoconstructs, chitosan-based nanogels, and multifunctional hybrid nanogels. The book provides all available information about these materials and describes in detail their advantages and disadvantages and the areas where they could be utilized successfully.