The book presents the first substantial discussion between the Vatican and liberation theology. It analyzes the Vatican's own theology of freedom and its social doctrine of liberation, focusing on its anthropological assumptions, and shows that the present conflict between the two parties is a conflict between two radically opposed horizons and modes of thinking, between the personalist and the dialectical.

Min provides a Hegelian interpretation of liberation, arguing that it is the first theology to take the Hegelian-Marxian heritage seriously in the context of contemporary theology.