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Chinese city walls: Gates of Beijing, Walled villages of China, Beijing city fortifications, Chinese city wall, Tiananmen, City Wall of Nanjing, Zheng
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| Source: Wikipedia. Pages: 34. Chapters: Gates of Beijing, Walled villages of China, Beijing city fortifications, Chinese city wall, Tiananmen, City Wall of Nanjing, Zhengyangmen, Gate of China, Deshengmen, Xizhimen, Dapeng Fortress, Dongzhimen, Hangzhou City Walls, Chongwenmen, Chaoyangmen, Fortifications of Xi'an, Andingmen, Yongdingmen, Fuchengmen, Jianguomen, Hepingmen, Di'anmen. Excerpt: The city wall of Beijing was a fortification built around 1435. It was 23.5 km long. The thickness at ground level was 20m and the top 12m. The wall was 15m high, and it had nine gates. This wall stood for nearly 530 years, but in 1965 it was removed to give way to 2nd Ring Road and the loop line subway of Beijing. Only in the southeast, just south of Beijing Railway Station, stands one part of the wall. Beijing was the capital city of the last three dynasties (the Yuan, Ming and Qing) as well as two northern dynasties (the Liao and Jin) in the history of China, as such, Beijing is often referred to as an "ancient capital of Five dynasties" (¿¿¿¿). It had an extensive fortification system, consisting of the Palace city, the Imperial city, the inner city and the outer city. Specifically including the many gate towers, gates, archways, watchtowers, barbicans, barbican towers, barbican gates, barbican archways, sluice gates, sluice gate towers, enemy sighting towers, corner guard towers and moat. It had the most extensive defense system in Imperial China. After the collapse of the Qing Dynasty in 1911, Beijing's fortifications were dismantled one by one, the Palace city has remained largely intact, becoming the Palace Museum; the Imperial city's fortifications has Tian'anmen and several sections of imperial city wall remaining intact; the inner city with Zhengyangmen's gate tower and watchtower, Deshengmen's watchtower, the southeastern corner guard tower, and a section of the inner city wall near Chongwenmen remaining intact; and nothing of the outer city remaining intact, with Yongdingmen completely reconstructed in 2004. Map of Beijing from 1912 showing the walls of the inner and outer city and the Forbidden City and remnants of the Yuan dynasty walls TiananmenThe forerunner of the Beijing city of the Ming and Qing dynasties was the city of Dadu of the Yuan Dynasty that was built in 1264. The design of Dadu followed the book Zhouli, in that the rules of "9 vertical |
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