The book comprises contributions of experts from academia and industry active in the field of cell culture development for the production of recombinant proteins, cell therapy and gene therapy, with consideration of Digital Twin´s and facility design. The knowledge and expertise of the authors cover disciplines like cell biology, engineering, biotechnology and biomedical sciences. Inevitably, some omissions will occur in the test, but the authors have sought to avoid duplications by extensive cross-referencing to chapters in other volumes of this series and elsewhere. We hope the volume provides a useful compendium of techniques for scientists in industrial and research laboratories active in this field.