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Transcontinental Railroad: Railroad, Continent, Railroad Terminal, Orient Express, Panama Railway, California Gold Rush
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available from Wikipedia or other free sources online. A
Transcontinental Railroad is a railroad that crosses a continent from
"coast-to-coast" between terminals that are at or connected to different
oceans. Because Europe is criss-crossed by railways, railroads within
Europe are usually not considered transcontinental, the Orient Express
perhaps being an exception. The world's first railway to directly
connect two oceans was the Panama Rail Road. Completed in 1855, this
"inter-oceanic" (as opposed to "transcontinental") line was built across
Central America at almost its narrowest point located in what is now
modern-day Panama when that area was still the northern province of
Colombia from which it would split off to become an independent nation
in 1903. By spanning this isthmus, the line's 48 mile (77.25 km) long
grade became the first railroad to completely cross any part of the
Americas and physically connect ports on the Atlantic and Pacific
Oceans. Given the tropical rain forest environment, the terrain, and
diseases such as malaria and cholera, its completion was a considerable
engineering challenge. |
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