|
|
|
Steelmaking: Bessemer process, Damascus steel, Pig iron, Pattern welding, Smelting, Blast furnace, History of ferrous metallurgy, List of preserved hi
|
(Buch) |
Dieser Artikel gilt, aufgrund seiner Grösse, beim Versand als 2 Artikel!
| Inhalt: |
| Source: Wikipedia. Pages: 67. Chapters: Bessemer process, Damascus steel, Pig iron, Pattern welding, Smelting, Blast furnace, History of ferrous metallurgy, List of preserved historic blast furnaces, Electric arc furnace, Crucible steel, Tinning, Puddling, Pakistan Steel Mills, Basic oxygen steelmaking, Bloomery, Blowing engine, Carburizing, HIsarna steelmaking process, Slag, Ladle, Non-metallic inclusions, Deoxidized steel, Pickling, Hulett, Cementation process, Hot-dip galvanizing, Open hearth furnace, Vacuum arc remelting, Argon oxygen decarburization, Finery forge, Tatara, Thermomechanical processing, Hot blast, Cementation furnace, Sheffield, Robert Baker, Tuyere, Faggoting, Beehive oven, Steckel mill, Mill scale, Rhondite, FINEX, Cold blast, Electro Slag Remelting, Heat number, Strip mill, Reja, Flodin process, Salamander, Skip hoist, Skip car. Excerpt: The history of ferrous metallurgy began far back in prehistory. The earliest surviving iron artifacts, from the 5th millennium BC in Iran and 2nd millennium BC in China, were made from meteoritic iron-nickel. It is not known when or where the smelting of iron from ores began, but by the end of the 2nd millennium BC iron was being produced that way from China to Sub-Saharan Africa The use of wrought iron was known in the 1st millennium BC. During the medieval period, means were found in Europe of producing wrought iron from cast iron (in this context known as pig iron) using finery forges. For all these processes, charcoal was required as fuel. Steel (with a smaller carbon content than pig iron but more than wrought iron) was first produced in antiquity. New methods of producing it by carburizing bars of iron in the cementation process were devised in the 17th century AD. In the Industrial Revolution, new methods of producing bar iron without charcoal were devised and these were later applied to produce steel. In the late 1850s, Henry Bessemer invented a new steelmaking process, involving blowing air through molten pig iron, to produce mild steel. This and other 19th century and later processes have led to wrought iron no longer being produced. Willamette Meteorite, the sixth largest in the world, is an iron-nickel meteoriteThe earliest surviving iron artifacts are made from hematite, among the Khormusans of Egypt, c. 35,000 BC. The Egyptian Paleolithic ends c. 30,000 BC. Khormusans developed advanced tools also from animal bones and were not dependent solely on stone. Much later, metal was extracted from iron-nickel meteorites, which comprise about 6% of all meteorites that fall on the earth. That source can often be identified with certainty because of the unique crystalline features ("Widmanstatten figures") of that material, which are preserved when the metal is worked cold or at low temperature. Those artifacts include, for example, a bead from the 5th millenniu |
|
i.d.R. innert 5-10 Tagen versandfertig
Newsfeed | 
Facebook | 
Twitter
