This book presents new knowledge to help clinicians accurately diagnose and treat their patients and highlights for researchers remaining unsolved problems and the most promising areas for continued investigation. The book opens by presenting information on the microbiology of the vagina and vaginal immunology. It then discusses the diagnosis of vulvovaginal disease, including physical examination, screening processes, and laboratory testing. Diagnosis is followed by covering various vulvovaginal infections. For each of these conditions, the book presents information on its background, microbiology, immunology, prevention, diagnosis, and treatment.