The 79 revised full papers were carefully reviewed and selected from 205 submissions. The papers cover a wide range of topics in natural computing including evolutionary computation, artificial neural networks, artificial life, swarm intelligence, artificial immune systems, self-organizing systems, emergent behavior, molecular computing, evolutionary robotics, evolvable hardware, parallel implementations and applications to real-world problems. The papers are organized in the following topical sections: numerical optimization; combinatorial optimization; genetic programming; multi-objective optimization; parallel and distributed frameworks; runtime analysis and approximation results; fitness landscape modeling and analysis; algorithm configuration, selection, and benchmarking; machine learning and evolutionary algorithms; and applications. Also included are the descriptions of 23 tutorials and 6 workshops which took place in the framework of PPSN XV.