He compares Joyce's coming of age as a writer with D. H. Lawrence's parallel and exactly contrary development. While Sultan sees Lawrence as using personal experience as a pragmatic source of plots, incidents, and characterization, he maintains that Joyce became increasingly devoted to and adept at making a fictionalized version of himself the subject of his fiction. Working with Dubliners, he carefully reexamines the narratology of the initial three stories, especially the first version of "The Sisters." He also draws valuable inferences from such evidence as the chronological relations among the actual dates of historical events in the stories and the dates of their original composition and revision.

Sultan's observations address the elusive processes of creativity and bring a new understanding to the relations between art and autobiography. They will be welcomed by scholars of Joyce and of 20th-century literature.